Role of vegetables and fruits in Mediterranean diets to prevent hypertension

Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 May;63(5):605-12. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2008.22. Epub 2008 Feb 27.

Abstract

Background/objectives: Several studies support the effectiveness of increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables (F&V) to prevent hypertension. However, none of them have been conducted in a Mediterranean setting. The aim of this study was to assess the association between F&V consumption and the risk of hypertension.

Subjects/methods: A prospective Mediterranean study (the SUN cohort), including 8594 participants aged 20-95 years (mean, 41.1) with median follow-up of 49 months.

Results: Analyses according to the joint classification by olive oil and F&V consumption showed a significant inverse relation between F&V consumption and the risk of hypertension only among participants with a low olive oil consumption (<15 g per day). Also, tests for trend were significant only in the low olive oil intake stratum.

Conclusions: We found a statistically significant interaction (P=0.01) between olive oil intake and F&V consumption. These data suggest a sub-additive effect of both food items.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Blood Pressure / physiology
  • Diet, Mediterranean*
  • Female
  • Fruit*
  • Health Surveys
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / epidemiology
  • Hypertension / prevention & control*
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Olive Oil
  • Plant Oils / administration & dosage*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Vegetables*

Substances

  • Olive Oil
  • Plant Oils