Synovial sarcoma presenting as a parotid mass: case report and review of literature

Background: Synovial sarcoma is an unusual neoplasm of mesenchymal derivation, which is uncommon in the head and neck sites. In the parotid gland, it is most likely to be misdiagnosed as a myoepithelial, primary mesenchymal, or metastatic neoplasm.

Methods: We report a case of synovial sarcoma in a young woman who was seen with temporomandibular joint symptoms with a 10-year history. A review of the literature was undertaken to highlight the radiologic and histologic features that help in diagnosis as well as the suggested therapeutic protocols most likely to ensure better survival.

Results: Radiologic and histologic studies of the parotid mass led to a diagnosis of synovial sarcoma. A total parotidectomy was performed, and the individual remains tumor free at 36 months.

Conclusions: Review of the literature suggests an aggressive long-term outcome for synovial sarcoma and advocates early diagnosis and radical surgical excision for a favorable prognosis.