Sensitization of cerebral tissue in nude mice with photodynamic therapy induces ADAM17/TACE and promotes glioma cell invasion

Cancer Lett. 2008 Jul 8;265(2):177-87. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.02.023. Epub 2008 Mar 20.

Abstract

In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that a mild cerebral tissue injury promotes subsequent glioma invasion via activation of the ADAM17-EGFR-PI3K-Akt pathway. Mild injury was induced by photodynamic therapy (PDT), which employs tissue-penetrating laser light exposure following systemic administration of a tumor-localizing photosensitizer. Athymic nude mice were treated with sublethal PDT (80 J/cm2 with 2 mg/kg Photofrin). Hypoxic stress and ADAM17-EGFR-PI3K-Akt were measured using Western blot and immunostaining. Additional groups with/without pro-sublethal PDT were subsequently implanted with U87 glioma tumor cell. Tumor invasion and ADAM17-EGFR-PI3K-Akt pathway in tumor area were measured. After a sublethal dose of PDT, HIF-1alpha expression was increased by a factor of three in PDT-treated normal brain tissue compared to contralateral control brain tissue. PDT-treated brain tissue exhibited a significant increase in ADAM17, p-EGFR, p-Akt expression compared to non-treated tissue. ADAM17 positive area significantly increased from 1.78% to 10.89%. The percentage of p-EGFR and p-Akt positive cells significantly increased from 9.50% and 14.50% to 21.31% and 32.29%, respectively, PDT treatment significantly increased subsequent implanted U87 glioma cell invasion by 3.68-fold and increased ADAM17, EGFR, p-EGFR, Akt, p-Akt expression by 178%, 43.9%, 152.7%, 89.6%,and 164.2%, respectively, compared to control group. Our data showed that a sublethal sensitization of cerebral tissue with PDT significantly increased U87 cell invasion in nude mice, and that glioma cell invasion is highly correlated with activation of the ADAM17-EGFR-PI3K-Akt pathway (r=0.928, 0.775, 0.870, 0.872, and 0.883, respectively), most likely via HIF-1alpha.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • ADAM Proteins / biosynthesis*
  • ADAM17 Protein
  • Animals
  • Brain / drug effects
  • Brain Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Brain Neoplasms / etiology
  • Brain Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Enzyme Induction
  • Glioma / drug therapy*
  • Glioma / etiology
  • Glioma / pathology*
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness*
  • Neoplasm Transplantation
  • Photochemotherapy / adverse effects*

Substances

  • ADAM Proteins
  • ADAM17 Protein
  • ADAM17 protein, human
  • Adam17 protein, mouse