Comparison of craving and withdrawal among four combination nicotine treatments

Hum Psychopharmacol. 2008 Aug;23(6):513-7. doi: 10.1002/hup.947.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the appearance of craving and withdrawal among four combination nicotine replacement treatments (NRTs).

Methods: In a crossover trial of NRT preferences, 27 smokers tested 4 combinations of nicotine treatments: 2 mg/4 mg gums + 15 mg patch, 2 mg/4 mg lozenges + 15 mg patch, inhalers + 15 mg patch, and 10 + 15 mg double patch (approximately 25 mg). Overnight abstinence was required prior to (1/2) day testing of each combination. Combination NRTs were used for approximately 6 h/day. Subjects resumed smoking each afternoon. For this report, we used the Smoker Anchored Withdrawal Grid to look at craving and withdrawal scores over 5 days of testing (smoking baseline + four treatment days).

Results: "Urge to smoke" and "total withdrawal" showed a rise from baseline to NRT use for the double patch but not for the three acute + patch conditions. Lozenge/patch scores did not rise from baseline for "craving" and "miss a cigarette" but did for gum/patch, inhaler/patch, and double patch. The best relief occurred for NRTs of choice.

Conclusion: This was a small but suggestive finding regarding the potential of patch plus adjunct ad lib NRT. With little data on relief with NRT combinations, more systematic tests are needed.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Nicotine / administration & dosage*
  • Smoking Cessation / methods*
  • Smoking Cessation / psychology
  • Smoking Prevention*
  • Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / drug therapy*

Substances

  • Nicotine