Treatment entry barriers among California's Proposition 36 offenders

J Subst Abuse Treat. 2008 Dec;35(4):410-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2008.03.003. Epub 2008 Jun 2.

Abstract

To explore why some Proposition 36 offenders do not enter drug treatment, we analyzed self-reported and administrative data to compare the characteristics, perceptions, and rearrest rates of 124 untreated and 1,335 treated offenders assessed by 30 sites in five California counties. Offenders were comparable in many domains at assessment; however, untreated offenders were younger, not employed, more criminally severe, and less motivated for treatment. To avoid incarceration was the primary reason for choosing Proposition 36, but there were fewer untreated offenders who felt ready for treatment (12.9% vs. 35.7%) and there were more who accepted the Proposition 36 program only upon recommendation by others (37.9% vs. 11.7%). Reasons for not entering treatment included rearrest (31.6%), no desire for treatment (23.9%), and assignment to a program that was too far away (11.1%). Both groups had fewer total arrests after assessment, but recidivism was higher among untreated offenders. Understanding untreated Proposition 36 offenders can aid efforts to improve treatment entry rates and related outcomes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • California / epidemiology
  • Community Mental Health Services / statistics & numerical data*
  • Crime / legislation & jurisprudence*
  • Employment / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Health Services Accessibility
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Motivation
  • Recurrence
  • Substance Abuse Treatment Centers / statistics & numerical data*
  • Substance-Related Disorders / psychology
  • Substance-Related Disorders / rehabilitation*
  • Treatment Outcome