Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) following concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on survival in patients with carcinoma of the oropharynx (OPC).
Methods: Eighteen patients with primary OPC who underwent PET pre- and post-CRT were evaluated prospectively for survival. The prognostic performance of post-CRT PET and CT for recurrence was compared.
Results: Patients with positive post-CRT PET exhibited significantly lower 2-year cause-specific survival and disease-free survival (50% vs. 91%, P < 0.05 and 0% vs. 83%, P < 0.0001); however, patients with positive post-CRT CT did not exhibit any significant difference (67% vs. 83%, P = 0.416 and 50% vs. 75%, P = 0.070). Other factors, such as clinical and pre-CRT PET variables, also did not indicate any significant difference. The accuracy of prediction of residual and local recurrence for post-CRT PET and CT (local%/regional%) was 83%/94% and 83%/78%, respectively.
Conclusion: OPC patients with positive post-CRT PET exhibit poor survival. The prognostic accuracy of post-CRT PET is superior to that of CT. The results of post-CRT FDG-PET should be included in the management of the OPC patients.