A 26-year-old male body builder diagnosed with renal artery stenosis and middle aortic syndrome underwent an autotransplantation with bench reconstruction and end-to-end anastomosis using the hypogastric artery. Shortly after the procedure, the patient developed rhabdomyolysis and renal insufficiency, possibly related to his increased muscle mass, potentially greater susceptibility to hypertrophic skeletal muscle cells or his unique vascular condition. We review the risk factors, diagnosis, management and outcome of a case of rhabdomyolysis in a male patient who underwent autotransplantation for renal vascular hypertension.