Palladium-catalyzed direct heck arylation of dual pi-deficient/pi-excessive heteroaromatics. Synthesis of C-5 arylated imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazines

Org Lett. 2008 Jul 17;10(14):2923-6. doi: 10.1021/ol800761r. Epub 2008 Jun 25.

Abstract

A general and efficient synthesis of 5-aryl imidazo[1,5- a]pyrazines by palladium-catalyzed coupling of the corresponding 8-substituted derivatives with aryl halides is described. The scope of this new reaction for the imidazo[1,5- a]pyrazine ring system was explored using three readily available 8-substituted precursors, X = NH2, NMe2, and OMe, as well as 8-aryl derivatives, X = Ar'. On the basis of these results as well as studies using a deuterated derivative, a Heck-like mechanism is proposed for this transformation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Catalysis
  • Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques
  • Hydrocarbons, Brominated / chemistry*
  • Imidazoles / chemical synthesis*
  • Imidazoles / chemistry
  • Molecular Structure
  • Palladium / chemistry*
  • Pyrazines / chemical synthesis*
  • Pyrazines / chemistry
  • Stereoisomerism

Substances

  • Hydrocarbons, Brominated
  • Imidazoles
  • Pyrazines
  • Palladium