Remodeling of endothelial adherens junctions by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus

J Virol. 2008 Oct;82(19):9615-28. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02633-07. Epub 2008 Jul 30.

Abstract

Vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) connects neighboring endothelial cells (ECs) via interendothelial junctions and regulates EC proliferation and adhesion during vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. The cytoplasmic domain of VE-cadherin recruits alpha- and beta-catenins and gamma-catenin, which interact with the actin cytoskeleton, thus modulating cell morphology. Dysregulation of the adherens junction/cytoskeletal axis is a hallmark of invasive tumors. We now demonstrate that the transmembrane ubiquitin ligase K5/MIR-2 of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus targets VE-cadherin for ubiquitin-mediated destruction, thus disturbing EC adhesion. In contrast, N-cadherin levels in K5-expressing cells were increased compared to those in control cells. Steady-state levels of alpha- and beta-catenins and gamma-catenin in K5-expressing ECs were drastically reduced due to proteasomal destruction. Moreover, the actin cytoskeleton was rearranged, resulting in the dysregulation of EC barrier function as measured by electric cell-substrate impedance sensing. Our data represent the first example of a viral protein targeting adherens junction proteins and suggest that K5 contributes to EC proliferation, vascular leakage, and the reprogramming of the EC proteome during Kaposi's sarcoma tumorigenesis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Actins / metabolism
  • Adherens Junctions / metabolism*
  • Biotinylation
  • Catenins / metabolism
  • Cell Adhesion
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cell Survival
  • Cytoskeleton / metabolism
  • Electric Impedance
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Viral*
  • Herpesvirus 8, Human / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Skin / metabolism
  • Ubiquitin / metabolism

Substances

  • Actins
  • Catenins
  • Ubiquitin