Antigen persistence is required for dendritic cell licensing and CD8+ T cell cross-priming

J Immunol. 2008 Sep 1;181(5):3067-76. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.5.3067.

Abstract

It has been demonstrated that CD4(+) T cells require Ag persistence to achieve effective priming, whereas CD8(+) T cells are on "autopilot" after only a brief exposure. This finding presents a disturbing conundrum as it does not account for situations in which CD8(+) T cells require CD4(+) T cell help. We used a physiologic in vivo model to study the requirement of Ag persistence for the cross-priming of minor histocompatibility Ag-specific CD8(+) T cells. We report inefficient cross-priming in situations in which male cells are rapidly cleared. Strikingly, the failure to achieve robust CD8(+) T cell activation is not due to a problem with cross-presentation. In fact, by providing "extra help" in the form of dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with MHC class II peptide, it was possible to achieve robust activation of CD8(+) T cells. Our data suggest that the "licensing" of cross-presenting DCs does not occur during their initial encounter with CD4(+) T cells, thus accounting for the requirement for Ag persistence and suggesting that DCs make multiple interactions with CD8(+) T cells during the priming phase. These findings imply that long-lived Ag is critical for efficient vaccination protocols in which the CD8(+) T cell response is helper-dependent.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antigens / immunology*
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Cross-Priming / immunology*
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology*
  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / immunology
  • Lymphocyte Activation
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Minor Histocompatibility Antigens / immunology
  • Vaccines / immunology

Substances

  • Antigens
  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class II
  • Minor Histocompatibility Antigens
  • Vaccines