Instability of spatial patterns and its ambiguous impact on species diversity

Phys Rev Lett. 2008 Aug 1;101(5):058102. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.058102. Epub 2008 Jul 29.

Abstract

Self-arrangement of individuals into spatial patterns often accompanies and promotes species diversity in ecological systems. Here, we investigate pattern formation arising from cyclic dominance of three species, operating near a bifurcation point. In its vicinity, an Eckhaus instability occurs, leading to convectively unstable "blurred" patterns. At the bifurcation point, stochastic effects dominate and induce counterintuitive effects on diversity: Large patterns, emerging for medium values of individuals' mobility, lead to rapid species extinction, while small patterns (low mobility) promote diversity, and high mobilities render spatial structures irrelevant. We provide a quantitative analysis of these phenomena, employing a complex Ginzburg-Landau equation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animal Migration
  • Animals
  • Biodiversity*
  • Dominance-Subordination
  • Ecosystem
  • Models, Biological*
  • Species Specificity
  • Stochastic Processes