Evaluation of a training and communication-network nephrology program for community pharmacists

Pharm World Sci. 2008 Dec;30(6):924-33. doi: 10.1007/s11096-008-9253-0. Epub 2008 Sep 19.

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the feasibility and impact of implementing ProFiL program to optimize community-pharmacist management of drug-related problems among chronic kidney disease patients followed in a predialysis clinic. The program comprises a training workshop, communication-network program and consultation service.

Setting: Forty-two community pharmacies, 101 pharmacists, and 90 chronic kidney disease patients attending a predialysis clinic in Laval (Canada). Patients were followed-up for 6 months.

Method: In a six-month, pilot, open, cluster-randomized controlled trial, community pharmacies were assigned to ProFiL or the usual care. Chronic kidney disease patients of these pharmacies attending a predialysis clinic were recruited. ProFiL pharmacists attended a workshop, received patient information (diagnoses, medications, and laboratory-test results) and had access to a consultation service. Their knowledge and satisfaction were measured before and after the workshop. The mean numbers of pharmacists' written recommendations to physicians (pharmaceutical opinions) and refusals to dispense a medication were computed.

Results: Of the ProFiL pharmacists, 84% attended the workshop; their knowledge increased from 52% to 88% (95% CI: 29-40%). Most ProFiL pharmacists rated workshop (95%), communication program (82%) and consultation service (59%) as "excellent" or "very good"; 82% said the program improved the quality of their follow-up. The consultation service received 21 requests. ProFiL and usual care pharmacists issued a mean of 0.50 and 0.02 opinion/patient, respectively, (95% CI of the adjusted difference: 0.28-1.01 opinion/patient).

Conclusion: The results of this pilot study suggest that ProFiL can be implemented and may help community pharmacists intervene more frequently to manage drug-related problems. However, a larger-scale study with longer follow-up is necessary to evaluate the impact of the program on management of drug-related problems and its clinical relevance.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Attitude of Health Personnel
  • Chronic Disease
  • Communication
  • Community Pharmacy Services / organization & administration*
  • Community Pharmacy Services / standards
  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
  • Education, Pharmacy, Continuing*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
  • Humans
  • Kidney Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pharmacists / organization & administration*
  • Pharmacists / psychology
  • Pharmacists / standards
  • Pilot Projects
  • Professional Role
  • Quality Assurance, Health Care / methods
  • Referral and Consultation