Assessment of water and solute absorption from experimental hypotonic and established oral rehydration solutions in secreting rat intestine

Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1991 Jun;5(3):273-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.1991.tb00028.x.

Abstract

Water and solute absorption from three experimental hypotonic oral rehydration solutions (HYPO-ORS; sodium 45, 60 and 75 mmol/L, glucose 90 mmol/L), the World Health Organization recommended ORS (WHO-ORS; sodium 90 mmol/L, glucose 111 mmol/L), and the British National Formulary recommended ORS (BNF-ORS; sodium 35 mmol/L, glucose 200 mmol/L), have been assessed by perfusion studies in cholera toxin-induced secreting rat intestine. Net water absorption was greatest from the most hypotonic solution (HYPO-45; P less than 0.05). UK-ORS prevented net water secretion and WHO-ORS promoted moderate net water absorption. Net sodium secretion was seen with all solutions but was least from WHO-ORS and greatest with BNF-ORS (P less than 0.01). Glucose absorption was similar from BNF-ORS, WHO-ORS and HYPO-45 and in each case was greater than glucose absorption from HYPO-60 and HYPO-75 (P less than 0.05). These results suggest that net water and sodium absorption from ORS may be enhanced if osmolality is reduced by decreasing the glucose content.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cholera Toxin / pharmacology
  • Fluid Therapy
  • Glucose / metabolism
  • Intestinal Absorption*
  • Male
  • Osmolar Concentration
  • Perfusion
  • Rats
  • Rats, Inbred Strains
  • Rehydration Solutions / metabolism*
  • Sodium / metabolism*
  • Water / metabolism*

Substances

  • Rehydration Solutions
  • Water
  • Cholera Toxin
  • Sodium
  • Glucose