Efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil monotherapy in liver transplant patients with renal failure induced by calcineurin inhibitors

Transplant Proc. 2008 Nov;40(9):2985-7. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.09.017.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) monotherapy in liver transplant recipients with renal failure secondary to the use of calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs).

Materials and methods: Thirty-one patients on MMF monotherapy with creatinine levels >1.3 mg/dL, previously immunosuppressed with CNIs and MMF, were analyzed. Conversion was started in patients with no acute or chronic rejection episodes and stable liver chemistry. CNI doses were reduced by 25% every 2 to 3 months, or to 50% if the dose was lower than 1 mg/d of tacrolimus or 50 mg/d of cyclosporine. Different variables were recorded from the time that conversion to monotherapy was decided, on the discontinuation day of the calcineurin inhibitor, and during the follow-up.

Results: Mean times from transplant to conversion ranged from 14 to 186 months. The minimum follow-up time in monotherapy was 12 months. Renal function improved at 6 months in 70% of cases and at 12 months in 69.6%. Patients with no renal function improvement maintained stable creatinine values. There were no rejection episodes, graft losses, or deaths. No leukopenia occurred, and triglyceride and uric acid values improved.

Conclusions: MMF monotherapy is a safe alternative in patients with posttransplant renal failure secondary to the use of CNIs. Renal function improvement was achieved in almost 70% of patients at 12 months, and creatinine values were maintained in all other patients. The risk of rejection due to the slow tapering of CNIs is minimum.

MeSH terms

  • Calcineurin Inhibitors*
  • Creatinine / metabolism
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / adverse effects
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Kidney Function Tests
  • Leukocyte Count
  • Liver Function Tests
  • Liver Transplantation / immunology*
  • Mycophenolic Acid / analogs & derivatives*
  • Mycophenolic Acid / therapeutic use
  • Renal Insufficiency / chemically induced*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Safety
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Failure
  • Uric Acid / blood

Substances

  • Calcineurin Inhibitors
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Uric Acid
  • Creatinine
  • Mycophenolic Acid