Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced vomiting and nausea is the most common adverse event of anticancer therapy. In different guide-lines (MASCC, NCCN, ESMO and ASCO) antiemetic prophylaxis is directed toward the emetogenic potential of the chemotherapy and the type of vomiting and nausea. Chemotherapeutic agents are classified into four emetic risk groups: high, moderate, low, and minimal. Steroids, dexamethasone, metoclopramide, cannabinoids, benzodiazepines, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists (ondansetron, granisetron, tropisetron) and a new group of antiemetics, the neurokinin1 receptor antagonists are used to prevent anticipatory, acute and delayed vomiting and nausea. This paper examines evidence-based recommendations for optimal use of antiemetics.
MeSH terms
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Adrenal Cortex Hormones / therapeutic use
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Antiemetics / pharmacology
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Antiemetics / therapeutic use*
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Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage
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Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects*
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Aprepitant
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Granisetron / therapeutic use
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Humans
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Morpholines / therapeutic use
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Nausea / chemically induced*
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Nausea / drug therapy*
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Nausea / prevention & control
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Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists*
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Ondansetron / therapeutic use
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Primary Prevention / methods
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Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists*
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Time Factors
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Vomiting / chemically induced*
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Vomiting / drug therapy*
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Vomiting / prevention & control
Substances
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Adrenal Cortex Hormones
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Antiemetics
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Morpholines
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Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists
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Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists
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Aprepitant
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Ondansetron
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Granisetron