Flamingo regulates epiboly and convergence/extension movements through cell cohesive and signalling functions during zebrafish gastrulation

Development. 2009 Feb;136(3):383-92. doi: 10.1242/dev.026542. Epub 2008 Dec 17.

Abstract

During vertebrate gastrulation, the body axis is established by coordinated and directional movements of cells that include epiboly, involution, and convergence and extension (C&E). Recent work implicates a non-canonical Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway in the regulation of C&E. The Drosophila atypical cadherin Flamingo (Fmi) and its vertebrate homologue Celsr, a 7-pass transmembrane protein with extracellular cadherin repeats, regulate several biological processes, including C&E, cochlear cell orientation, axonal pathfinding and neuronal migration. Fmi/Celsr can function together with molecules involved in PCP, such as Frizzled (Fz) and Dishevelled (Dsh), but there is also some evidence that it may act as a cell adhesion molecule in a PCP-pathway-independent manner. We show that abrogation of Celsr activity in zebrafish embryos results in epiboly defects that appear to be independent of the requirement for Celsr in PCP signalling during C&E. Using a C-terminal truncated form of Celsr that inhibits membrane presentation of wild-type Celsr through its putative pro-region, a hanging drop assay reveals that cells from embryos with compromised Celsr activity have different cohesive properties from wild-type cells. It is disruption of this ability of Celsr to affect cell cohesion that primarily leads to the in vivo epiboly defects. In addition, Lyn-Celsr, in which the intracellular domain of Celsr is fused to a membrane localisation signal (Lyn), inhibits Fz-Dsh complex formation during Wnt/PCP signalling without affecting epiboly. Fmi/Celsr therefore has a dual role in mediating two separate morphogenetic movements through its roles in mediating cell cohesion and Wnt/PCP signalling during zebrafish gastrulation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / metabolism
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Body Patterning / physiology
  • Cadherins / genetics
  • Cadherins / physiology*
  • Cell Adhesion / physiology
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Membrane / physiology
  • Cell Movement / physiology*
  • Cell Polarity / physiology
  • Dishevelled Proteins
  • Drosophila Proteins
  • Embryo, Nonmammalian / physiology
  • Frizzled Receptors / metabolism
  • Gastrulation / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Phosphoproteins / metabolism
  • Protein Multimerization
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / physiology
  • Zebrafish / embryology*
  • Zebrafish / metabolism
  • Zebrafish Proteins / genetics
  • Zebrafish Proteins / metabolism
  • Zebrafish Proteins / physiology*
  • src-Family Kinases / metabolism

Substances

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
  • Cadherins
  • Dishevelled Proteins
  • Drosophila Proteins
  • Frizzled Receptors
  • Phosphoproteins
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
  • Zebrafish Proteins
  • celsr1a protein, zebrafish
  • celsr1b protein, zebrafish
  • dsh protein, Drosophila
  • fzd8a protein, zebrafish
  • lyn protein-tyrosine kinase
  • src-Family Kinases