Abstract
Synthetic phosphothioated (PTO) oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) sequences are commonly used for a variety of applications that benefit from nuclease protection. The PTO modification is implemented mainly in antisense ODN, but also in ODN that were shown to activate members of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family such as TLR3 (poly-I:C), TLR8 (ssRNA), and TLR9 (CpG). Neurons are routinely plated on surfaces coated with either cationic substances such as poly-L-ornithine (PLO), polyethylenimine (PEI), poly-L-lysine or ECM components such as laminin, collagen, or fibronectin. We found that PTO-ODN aimed at activating TLR9 induces a non-TLR9-specific detachment phenotype in cortical neurons plated on either laminin or PEI, but not on PLO. This phenotype was correlated with decreased viability and was partially inhibited when caspase-3 was inhibited with Ac-DEVD-CMK. This finding suggests that the use of PTO-ODN can cause nonspecific effects on cell adhesion that could compromise interpretation of data from experiments using PTO-ODN.
(c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
MeSH terms
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Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones / pharmacology
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Animals
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Artifacts
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Caspase 3 / drug effects
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Caspase 3 / metabolism
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Cell Adhesion / drug effects
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Cell Adhesion / physiology
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Cell Culture Techniques
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Cell Proliferation / drug effects*
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Cell Survival / drug effects
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Cell Survival / physiology
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Cells, Cultured
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Culture Media / pharmacology*
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Data Interpretation, Statistical
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Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / pharmacology
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Laminin / pharmacology
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Neurons / cytology
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Neurons / drug effects*
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Neurons / metabolism
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Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / chemical synthesis
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Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / chemistry
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Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / pharmacology*
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Phenotype
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Phosphorylation
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Polyethyleneimine / pharmacology
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Rats
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Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Toll-Like Receptor 9 / drug effects
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Toll-Like Receptor 9 / metabolism
Substances
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Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones
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Culture Media
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Enzyme Inhibitors
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Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
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Laminin
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Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
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Tlr9 protein, rat
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Toll-Like Receptor 9
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benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone
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Polyethyleneimine
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Caspase 3