Human papillomavirus-related gynecologic neoplasms: screening and prevention

The recent recognition of oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) as a key component of female lower genital tract malignancies has led to significant changes in many screening and prevention guidelines for cervical cancer, and, combined with the advent of vaccination, will likely have sweeping repercussions on the incidence of cervical, vulvar, and vaginal carcinoma. This article focuses on the specific principles of cancer screening and prevention with an emphasis on HPV-mediated disease.