Prolonged survival in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia after reduced-intensity conditioning with cord blood or sibling donor transplantation

Blood. 2009 Mar 26;113(13):2902-5. doi: 10.1182/blood-2008-10-184093. Epub 2009 Jan 28.

Abstract

Twenty-two adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients (21 of 22 in complete remission [CR]) received reduced-intensity conditioning followed by allogeneic transplantation. All patients were high risk. After a uniform preparative regimen (fludarabine 40 mg/m(2) x 5, cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg, 200 cGy total body irradiation), patients received either matched related (n=4) or umbilical cord (n=18) donor grafts. All patients reached neutrophil engraftment and 100% donor chimerism (median, days 10 and 23, respectively). Overall survival, treatment-related mortality (TRM) and relapse were 50% (95% confidence interval [CI], 27%-73%), 27% (95% CI, 9%-45%), and 36% (95% CI, 14%-58%) at 3 years, respectively. There were no relapses beyond 2 years. The cumulative incidence of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease was 55% and 45%. Hematopoietic cell transplantation in CR1 (n=14) led to significantly less TRM (8%, P< .04) and improved overall survival (81%, P< .01). For adults with ALL in CR, reduced intensity conditioning allografting results in modest TRM, limited risk of relapse, and promising leukemia-free survival. Clinical trial numbers are NCT00365287, NCT00305682, and NCT00303719.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation / methods*
  • Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation / mortality
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Graft vs Host Disease / epidemiology
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / methods*
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / mortality
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / mortality*
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / therapy*
  • Recurrence
  • Siblings*
  • Survival Analysis
  • Tissue Donors
  • Transplantation Conditioning / methods*
  • Transplantation, Homologous
  • Young Adult

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00303719
  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00305682
  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00365287