Objective: We assessed the ability of novel lipid structures including medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCTs) and 1,3-diacylglycerol (DG) oil to lower postprandial triacylglycerol (TG) elevation and increase hepatic fat oxidation when substituted for dietary TG, which may be useful in the prevention and treatment of obesity and other related metabolic conditions, such as dyslipidemias.
Methods: This double-blind, randomized, crossover trial evaluated the effects of an oral fat load containing DG or MCTs compared with equivalent intakes of long-chain triacylglycerols (LCTs) on the postprandial metabolic responses of insulin-resistant men and women (n = 36). Each subject consumed a single oral fat load on each test day. The fat loads were delivered in milkshakes that contained 30 g of one of the three test oils.
Results: The postprandial TG incremental area under the curve after MCT was 73% lower, and that for DG was 22% lower, compared with the response after LCT oil. The incremental area under the curve values for chylomicron TG were reduced versus LCT by 89% and 28%, respectively, in the MCT and DG conditions. Compared with the LCT treatment, beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration was increased after MCT oil, but not after DG.
Conclusion: These results indicate that dietary DG decreased postprandial triglyceridemia compared with LCT, but to a lesser extent than MCT.