Exploring the roles of noise in the eukaryotic cell cycle

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Apr 21;106(16):6471-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0810034106. Epub 2009 Feb 25.

Abstract

The DNA replication-division cycle of eukaryotic cells is controlled by a complex network of regulatory proteins, called cyclin-dependent kinases, and their activators and inhibitors. Although comprehensive and accurate deterministic models of the control system are available for yeast cells, reliable stochastic simulations have not been carried out because the full reaction network has yet to be expressed in terms of elementary reaction steps. As a first step in this direction, we present a simplified version of the control system that is suitable for exact stochastic simulation of intrinsic noise caused by molecular fluctuations and extrinsic noise because of unequal division. The model is consistent with many characteristic features of noisy cell cycle progression in yeast populations, including the observation that mRNAs are present in very low abundance (approximately 1 mRNA molecule per cell for each expressed gene). For the control system to operate reliably at such low mRNA levels, some specific mRNAs in our model must have very short half-lives (<1 min). If these mRNA molecules are longer-lived (perhaps 2 min), then the intrinsic noise in our simulations is too large, and there must be some additional noise suppression mechanisms at work in cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Cell Cycle* / genetics
  • Computer Simulation
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / metabolism
  • Eukaryotic Cells / cytology*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal
  • Genes, Fungal
  • Models, Biological
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / cytology*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / enzymology
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / genetics
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / metabolism
  • Stochastic Processes

Substances

  • RNA, Messenger
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinases