Surveillance for severe community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection

Epidemiol Infect. 2009 Dec;137(12):1674-8. doi: 10.1017/S0950268809002490. Epub 2009 Apr 15.

Abstract

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has rapidly emerged in the USA as a cause of severe infections in previously healthy persons without traditional risk factors. We describe the epidemiology of severe CA-MRSA disease in the state of Georgia, USA and analyse the risk of death associated with three different clinical syndromes of CA-MRSA disease - pneumonia, invasive disease, and skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs). A total of 1670 cases of severe CA-MRSA disease were reported during 2005-2007. The case-fatality rate was 3.4%; sex and race of fatal and non-fatal cases did not differ significantly. While CA-MRSA pneumonia and invasive disease were less common than SSTIs, they were about 15 times more likely to result in death [risk ratio 16.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) 10.28-27.07 and 13.98, 95% CI 7.74-25.27, respectively]. When controlling for age and the presence of other clinical syndromes the odds of death in patients manifesting specific severe CA-MRSA syndromes was highest in those with pneumonia (odds ratio 11.34). Possible risk factors for severe CA-MRSA SSTI and pneumonia included the draining of lesions without medical assistance and an antecedent influenza-like illness.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Community-Acquired Infections / epidemiology
  • Community-Acquired Infections / microbiology*
  • Female
  • Georgia / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus*
  • Middle Aged
  • Population Surveillance
  • Staphylococcal Infections / epidemiology
  • Staphylococcal Infections / microbiology*
  • Young Adult