Abstract
Despite the implication of fronto-striatal circuits in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), there is a lack of information on the role of these regions, especially the thalamus, in the heterogeneity of ADHD. We assessed the (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy profile in ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC)-thalamic-striatal regions bilaterally in three groups of subjects (age range 18-24 years old): ADHD inattentive type (ADHD-I; n = 9), ADHD combined type (ADHD-C; n = 10) and non-ADHD controls (n = 12). The peaks of N-acetylaspartate, Choline (Cho), myo-inositol (mI), creatine (Cr) and glutamate-glutamine-GABA (Glx) to Cr were calculated. Subjects with ADHD-C showed lower mI/Cr ratio in the right VMPFC than controls, higher Cho/Cr ratio in the left thalamus-pulvinar than the ADHD-I group and higher Glx/Cr ratio in left putamen than individuals with ADHD-I and controls. This metabolic profile suggests a disruption of fronto-striato-thalamic structures in the ADHD-C as a result of lower neuronal energetic metabolism.
MeSH terms
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Adolescent
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Aspartic Acid / analogs & derivatives
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Aspartic Acid / analysis
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Aspartic Acid / metabolism
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Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / diagnostic imaging*
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Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / metabolism*
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Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / physiopathology
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Choline / analysis
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Choline / metabolism
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Corpus Striatum / diagnostic imaging
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Corpus Striatum / metabolism
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Corpus Striatum / physiopathology
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Creatine / analysis
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Creatine / metabolism
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Diagnosis, Differential
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Energy Metabolism / physiology
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Female
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Frontal Lobe / diagnostic imaging
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Frontal Lobe / metabolism
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Frontal Lobe / physiopathology
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Functional Laterality / physiology
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Glutamic Acid / analysis
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Glutamic Acid / metabolism
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Glutamine / analysis
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Glutamine / metabolism
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Humans
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Inositol / analysis
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Inositol / metabolism
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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / methods*
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Male
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Prosencephalon / diagnostic imaging*
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Prosencephalon / metabolism*
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Prosencephalon / physiopathology
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Pulvinar / diagnostic imaging
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Pulvinar / metabolism
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Pulvinar / physiopathology
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Putamen / diagnostic imaging
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Putamen / metabolism
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Putamen / physiopathology
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Radionuclide Imaging
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Thalamus / diagnostic imaging
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Thalamus / metabolism
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Thalamus / physiopathology
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Young Adult
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gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / analysis
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gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / metabolism
Substances
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Glutamine
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Aspartic Acid
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Glutamic Acid
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Inositol
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gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
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N-acetylaspartate
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Creatine
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Choline