A case of sulphasalazine-induced DRESS syndrome with delayed acute interstitial nephritis

Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009 Sep;24(9):2940-2. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfp277. Epub 2009 Jun 9.

Abstract

Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS syndrome) is a rare and severe drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome characterized by haematological abnormalities (hypereosinophilia and/or mononucleosis) and multiorgan involvement. Renal failure has been rarely described. We report the case of a 77-year-old female with sulphasalazine-induced DRESS syndrome who improved rapidly on corticosteroid treatment. After prednisone withdrawal, the patient developed renal failure that necessitated a session of haemodialysis. A kidney biopsy showed acute tubulointerstitial nephritis with an intense lymphocytic infiltrate and tubular necrosis. Kidney function normalized after a further 2 weeks of corticosteroid treatment. This is the first histologically proven case of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis in the setting of sulphasalazine-induced DRESS syndrome.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / therapeutic use
  • Aged
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / adverse effects*
  • Drug Eruptions / drug therapy
  • Drug Eruptions / etiology*
  • Drug Eruptions / pathology
  • Eosinophilia / chemically induced*
  • Eosinophilia / drug therapy
  • Female
  • Herpesvirus 6, Human
  • Humans
  • Nephritis, Interstitial / chemically induced*
  • Nephritis, Interstitial / drug therapy
  • Nephritis, Interstitial / pathology
  • Prednisone / therapeutic use
  • Roseolovirus Infections / complications
  • Sulfasalazine / adverse effects*
  • Syndrome
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Sulfasalazine
  • Prednisone