Predominance of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 infection and rapid transmission between 1935 and 1965 in the Central African Republic

J Gen Virol. 2009 Oct;90(Pt 10):2452-2456. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.011981-0. Epub 2009 Jun 17.

Abstract

The molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the Central African Republic (CAR) is poorly documented. Thus, we conducted phylogenetic analyses of NS5B gene sequences from 58 HCV-infected inhabitants of a remote area of south-west CAR, which indicated that 48 (82.8%) were infected with genotype 4 (HCV-4), five (8.6%) with genotype 2 and five (8.6%) with genotype 1. HCV-4 strains were highly heterogeneous, containing previously described subtypes 4k (48%), 4c (27%), 4r (4%), 4f (4%) and unclassified subtypes (17%). To estimate the epidemic history of these HCV-4 strains, an evolutionary analysis using the coalescent approach was used. The estimated date of the most recent common ancestor of the CAR HCV-4 strains was 1539 (95% confidence intervals, 1317-1697). They exhibited a rapid, exponential spread from 1935 to 1965, simultaneously with what was recently reported in neighbouring Cameroon and Gabon. The hypothesis of a massive iatrogenic transmission during interventions for the control of endemic tropical diseases is discussed.

MeSH terms

  • Central African Republic / epidemiology
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
  • Genetic Variation
  • Genotype*
  • Hepacivirus / classification
  • Hepacivirus / genetics*
  • Hepatitis C / epidemiology*
  • Hepatitis C / virology*
  • Humans
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Phylogeny
  • Time Factors

Associated data

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