We have used recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) with an autologous blood predonation in open heart surgery looking forward to preventing patient's blood level of hemoglobin and quick recovery in post-operative period. In our results, patient's value of hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Ht) decreased due to autologous blood predonation. In group A (autologous blood predonation with EPO administration), however, predonated blood volume were larger than in group B (without EPO administration), decreased value of Hb and Ht were smaller than in group B. The counts of reticulocyte were higher in group A at the operative day. Among six cases phlebotomized with EPO administration, five cases required no homologous blood transfusion for their hospital course. Postoperative recovery of patient's Ht value were earlier in preoperative blood donation group. In particular, patients who administered EPO intravenously have showed fair recovery from anemia. EPO is very effective drug to prevent patients from the developing anemia as a complication of autologous blood predonation. We conclude that autologous blood predonation with EPO administration is beneficial method to reduce homologous blood requirement in open heart surgery.