Dietary management of hepatic copper accumulation in Labrador Retrievers

J Vet Intern Med. 2009 Sep-Oct;23(5):957-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0352.x. Epub 2009 Jul 14.

Abstract

Background: Copper-associated chronic hepatitis (CACH) recently has been recognized in the Labrador Retriever as an inherited disorder with a late onset of clinical signs. No studies have investigated dietary management for the long-term treatment of this disease or for its potential in delaying the onset of clinical signs in subclinical cases.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of a low-copper diet and zinc gluconate on hepatic copper concentrations in Labrador Retrievers with abnormal hepatic copper concentrations.

Animals: Twenty-four client-owned Labradors that were related to patients affected with CACH and that had been diagnosed with increased hepatic copper concentrations.

Methods: Hepatic copper concentrations were assessed before and after an average of 8 and 16 months of treatment. During this time, all dogs were fed exclusively a low-copper diet. In addition, dogs were assigned to 1 of 2 groups in a randomized double-blind manner to receive a supplement of zinc gluconate or placebo.

Results: Twenty-one dogs completed the study. Hepatic copper concentrations decreased in both groups at recheck 1 (n = 21; group 1, P < .001; group 2, P= .001) and at recheck 2 (n= 16; group 1, P= .03; group 2, P= .04). No difference in hepatic copper concentrations was found between the 2 groups before treatment (P= .65), at recheck 1 or at recheck 2 (P= .52-.79).

Conclusions and clinical relevance: Feeding low-copper diets to Labradors is effective in decreasing hepatic copper concentrations. Adjunctive treatment with zinc does not appear to increase the copper-lowering effects of dietary management.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biopsy / veterinary
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic / diet therapy
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic / metabolism
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic / veterinary*
  • Copper / administration & dosage
  • Copper / metabolism*
  • Dog Diseases / diet therapy*
  • Dog Diseases / metabolism*
  • Dogs
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Gluconates / administration & dosage*
  • Gluconates / pharmacokinetics
  • Hepatitis, Animal / chemically induced*
  • Hepatitis, Animal / diet therapy
  • Histocytochemistry
  • Liver / drug effects
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Male

Substances

  • Gluconates
  • Copper
  • gluconic acid