Strong humoral response elicited by a DNA vaccine targeting gastrin-releasing peptide with optimized adjuvants inhibits murine prostate carcinoma growth in vivo

Endocr Relat Cancer. 2009 Dec;16(4):1171-84. doi: 10.1677/ERC-09-0058. Epub 2009 Jul 31.

Abstract

Previous studies demonstrated that the elevated expression and receptor binding of gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) in various types of cancer suggest that GRP might be a putative target for immunotherapy in neoplastic diseases. DNA vaccine for hormone/growth factor immune deprivation represents a feasible and attractive approach for cancer treatment; nevertheless, there is still a need to increase the potency of the DNA vaccine. Here, based on six copies of the B cell epitope GRP(18-27) in a linear alignment as an immunogen, we designed several anti-GRP DNA vaccines containing different combinations of immunoadjuvants, such as HSP65, tetanus toxoid(830-844) (T), pan HLA-DR-binding epitope (PADRE) (P), and mycobacterial HSP70(407-426) (M), on a backbone of pCR3.1 plasmid vector with eight 5'-GACGTT-3' CpG motifs and the VEGF183 signal peptide (VS). The effects of these immunoadjuvants in enhancing GRP-specific humoral immune response were then evaluated by comparing the respective immunogenicity and antitumor effects. Immunization of mice with pCR3.1-VS-HSP65-TP-GRP6-M2 elicited much higher levels of specific anti-GRP antibodies and more effectively inhibited the growth of a GRP-dependent tumor RM-1 in vivo. Interestingly, plasmids encoding for 2HSP70(407-426), but not the one with 1 or 3HSP70(407-426) showed stronger immune stimulatory potential as well as impressive antitumor activity, suggesting that 2HSP70(407-426) is an efficient molecular adjuvant for developing self-epitope vaccines. The highly immunogenic, potent anti-tumorigenic and antiangiogenesis activities of the anti-GRP DNA vaccine offered a novel immunotherapeutic approach in the treatment of GRP-dependent tumors and their complications.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic / genetics
  • Adjuvants, Immunologic / therapeutic use*
  • Animals
  • Blotting, Western
  • Cancer Vaccines / genetics
  • Cancer Vaccines / therapeutic use*
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Chromatography, Affinity
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Gastrin-Releasing Peptide / immunology*
  • Heat-Shock Proteins / genetics
  • Immunity, Humoral
  • Immunization
  • Malaria Vaccines / genetics
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Neovascularization, Pathologic
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / immunology
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / prevention & control*
  • Vaccines, DNA / genetics
  • Vaccines, DNA / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Cancer Vaccines
  • Heat-Shock Proteins
  • Malaria Vaccines
  • PADRE 45
  • Vaccines, DNA
  • Gastrin-Releasing Peptide