Phase II-I-II study of two different doses and schedules of pralatrexate, a high-affinity substrate for the reduced folate carrier, in patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoma reveals marked activity in T-cell malignancies

J Clin Oncol. 2009 Sep 10;27(26):4357-64. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2008.20.8470. Epub 2009 Aug 3.

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and efficacy of pralatrexate in patients with lymphoma.

Patients and methods: Pralatrexate, initially given at a dose of 135 mg/m(2) on an every-other-week basis, was associated with stomatitis. A redesigned, weekly phase I/II study established an MTD of 30 mg/m(2) weekly for six weeks every 7 weeks. Patients were required to have relapsed/refractory disease, an absolute neutrophil greater than 1,000/microL, and a platelet count greater than 50,000/microL for the first dose of any cycle.

Results: The every-other-week, phase II experience was associated with an increased risk of stomatitis and hematologic toxicity. On a weekly schedule, the MTD was 30 mg/m(2) weekly for 6 weeks every 7 weeks. This schedule modification resulted in a 50% reduction in the major hematologic toxicities and abrogation of the grades 3 to 4 stomatitis. Stomatitis was associated with elevated homocysteine and methylmalonic acid, which were reduced by folate and vitamin B12 supplementation. Of 48 assessable patients, the overall response rate was 31% (26% by intention to treat), including 17% who experienced complete remission (CR). When analyzed by lineage, the overall response rates were 10% and 54% in patients with B- and T-cell lymphomas, respectively. All eight patients who experienced CR had T-cell lymphoma, and four of the six patients with a partial remission were positron emission tomography negative. The duration of responses ranged from 3 to 26 months.

Conclusion: Pralatrexate has significant single-agent activity in patients with relapsed/refractory T-cell lymphoma.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00052442.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Clinical Trial, Phase II

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aminopterin / administration & dosage
  • Aminopterin / adverse effects
  • Aminopterin / analogs & derivatives*
  • Aminopterin / therapeutic use
  • Constipation / chemically induced
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  • Fatigue / chemically induced
  • Female
  • Folic Acid Antagonists / administration & dosage
  • Folic Acid Antagonists / adverse effects
  • Folic Acid Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Lymphoma, T-Cell / drug therapy*
  • Lymphoma, T-Cell / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Recurrence
  • Remission Induction
  • Stomatitis / chemically induced
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Weight Loss / drug effects
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • 10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin
  • Folic Acid Antagonists
  • Aminopterin

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00052442