Discovery of Trp-His and His-Arg analogues as new structural classes of short antimicrobial peptides

J Med Chem. 2009 Dec 10;52(23):7421-31. doi: 10.1021/jm900622d.

Abstract

Naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides contain a large number of amino acid residues, which limits their clinical applicability. In search of short antimicrobial peptides, which represent a possible alternative for lead structures to fight antibiotic resistant microbial infections, a series of synthetic peptide analogues based on Trp-His and His-Arg structural frameworks have been prepared and found to be active against several Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains as well as against a fungal strain with MIC values of the most potent structures in the range of 5-20 microg/mL ((IC(50) in the range of 1-5 microg/mL). The synthesized peptides showed no cytotoxic effect in an MTT assay up to the highest test concentration of 200 microg/mL. A combination of small size, presence of unnatural amino acids, high antimicrobial activity, and absence of cytotoxicity reveals the synthesized Trp-His and His-Arg analogues as promising candidates for novel antimicrobial therapeutics.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / chemical synthesis
  • Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / chemistry*
  • Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / pharmacology*
  • Bacteria / drug effects
  • Dipeptides / chemical synthesis
  • Dipeptides / chemistry*
  • Dipeptides / pharmacology*
  • Drug Discovery*
  • Fungi / drug effects
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Substances

  • Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides
  • Dipeptides
  • tryptophyl-histidine