Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole and azithromycin combination therapy for ocular toxoplasmosis

Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2009 Jul-Aug;17(4):289-91. doi: 10.1080/09273940802687846.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and azithromycin combination for the treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis.

Methods: Nineteen ocular toxoplasmosis patients treated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and azithromycin +/- corticosteroid combination were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data, clinical findings, the time interval until resolution of inflammation, recurrences, and drug side effects were collected.

Results: The mean follow-up time of the patients was 25.0 +/- 22.5 (range; 6 -66) months. Final visual acuity improved with a mean of 6 +/- 4 lines in 15 patients (78.9%). Inflammatory findings began to subside within 14.8 +/- 10.0 days. Three patients (15.8%) had recurrent attack. Only 1 patient (5.3%) had side effects from therapy.

Conclusions: Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and azithromycin combination is an effective and safe treatment modality for the treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Anti-Infective Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Azithromycin / administration & dosage*
  • Child
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Macula Lutea
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Recurrence
  • Steroids / administration & dosage
  • Toxoplasmosis, Ocular / drug therapy*
  • Toxoplasmosis, Ocular / physiopathology
  • Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / administration & dosage*
  • Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / adverse effects
  • Visual Acuity / drug effects
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Steroids
  • Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination
  • Azithromycin