The usefulness and limitations of the current medical treatment of high blood pressure are analysed. The latest strategies in the management of hypertension are presented, with emphasis on the treatment of all associated cardiovascular risk factors. This is and important therapeutic goal of Preventive Cardiology. The individualized treatment, that is to say, the selection of the antihypertensive therapy according to the characteristics of each patient, is discussed as an objective of the present therapy. Finally, the new drugs and the recent advances in the classic ones are examined with a special focus on their hemodynamic actions and on their role in left ventricular hypertrophy.