Long-term clinical outcomes of self-expanding metal stents for treatment of malignant gastroesophageal junction obstructions and prognostic factors for stent patency: effects of anticancer treatments

Dig Liver Dis. 2010 Jun;42(6):436-40. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2009.07.020. Epub 2009 Sep 19.

Abstract

Background: Self-expanding metal stent has emerged as an effective treatment option for malignant gastroesophageal junction obstruction. However, data on the clinicopathologic factors associated with stent patency are still lacking.

Aim: To investigate the long-term clinical outcomes and prognostic factors, including treatment modalities, affecting stent patency in patients with malignant gastroesophageal junction obstruction given self-expanding metal stent insertions.

Methods: A total 89 patients who underwent self-expanding metal stent insertion for malignant gastroesophageal junction obstruction were enrolled. We analysed technical and clinical success rates, complications, and prognostic factors affecting stent patency.

Results: Self-expanding metal stent insertion was successful in all patients and clinical improvement was achieved in 93.3%. Stent malfunction occurred in 32.9% of patients. The median overall survival time and stent patency time were 143 (95% CI: 99-187) and 190 days (95% CI: 108-272), respectively. In multivariate analysis, radiation therapy after stent placement significantly prolonged stent patency (OR: 0.221; 95% CI: 0.055-0.884; p=0.033). A higher migration rate was observed in those patients given chemotherapy after covered self-expanding metal stent placement (no anticancer treatment: 10.0%, chemotherapy: 42.9%, chemoradiation therapy: 9.1%, p=0.042).

Conclusions: Self-expanding metal stent is a feasible and effective treatment for malignant gastroesophageal junction obstruction. Radiation therapy after stent placement significantly prolongs overall stent patency and chemotherapy increases the migration rate of covered stents.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / complications
  • Adenocarcinoma / diagnosis
  • Adenocarcinoma / surgery
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / complications
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / diagnosis
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery
  • Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / complications*
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / surgery
  • Esophagectomy / methods*
  • Esophagogastric Junction / surgery*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Gastric Outlet Obstruction / diagnosis
  • Gastric Outlet Obstruction / etiology
  • Gastric Outlet Obstruction / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Prosthesis Design
  • Prosthesis Implantation / methods*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Stents*
  • Time Factors