Air-borne heavy metal contamination to dietary vegetables: a case study from India

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2009 Dec;83(6):931-6. doi: 10.1007/s00128-009-9879-1. Epub 2009 Sep 22.

Abstract

Contamination of edible parts of three dietary vegetables, Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), Radish (Raphanus sativus L.), and Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) by air-borne cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) was determined using pot culture experiments at three sites in the city of Varanasi, India. The data revealed that although Cr and Cu in vegetables remained below their safe limits, about 68% of the total samples contained Cd, Ni, and Pb above their respective safe limits of 1.5, 1.5, and 2.5 μg g(-1). Site wise synchrony and air accumulation factor (AAF) indicated that atmospheric deposition was the main contributor of metal contamination to vegetables. The study suggests that if the present trends of atmospheric deposition are continued, air-borne heavy metals will contaminate the agricultural produce with long-term health implications.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Air Pollutants / analysis*
  • Atmosphere / chemistry
  • Environmental Monitoring
  • Food Contamination / analysis*
  • Food Contamination / statistics & numerical data
  • India
  • Metals, Heavy / analysis*
  • Raphanus / chemistry
  • Solanum lycopersicum / chemistry
  • Spinacia oleracea / chemistry
  • Vegetables / chemistry*

Substances

  • Air Pollutants
  • Metals, Heavy