Abstract
Several recent reports have suggested that in vitro exposure of CD4(+) T cells to rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG), which is commonly used to prevent and treat graft-versus-host disease and allograft rejection, is an effective method to induce CD4(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+) T regulatory cells (Tregs). We and others, however, have shown that FOXP3 is also expressed in activated T cells. We therefore investigated whether the induction of FOXP3 expression by rATG resulted in a stable population of suppressive Tregs. We found that exposure of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or conventional T cells to rATG resulted in induction of transient rather than stable expression of CD25 and FOXP3. Furthermore, rATG-treated T effector cells acquired neither an immunosuppressive profile of cytokine production nor suppressive capacity, even at the time of maximal FOXP3 expression. These findings indicate that the notion that rATG can be used to induce Tregs in vitro for cellular therapy in vivo should be re-evaluated.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antilymphocyte Serum / immunology
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Antilymphocyte Serum / pharmacology*
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / drug effects*
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
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Cytokines / biosynthesis
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Cytokines / immunology
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Flow Cytometry
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Forkhead Transcription Factors / biosynthesis*
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Humans
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Immunosuppressive Agents / immunology
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Immunosuppressive Agents / pharmacology*
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Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / biosynthesis
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Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / immunology
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Lymphocyte Activation / drug effects*
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Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
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Rabbits
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T-Lymphocyte Subsets / drug effects*
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T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology
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T-Lymphocyte Subsets / metabolism
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T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / drug effects
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T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / immunology
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T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / metabolism
Substances
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Antilymphocyte Serum
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Cytokines
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FOXP3 protein, human
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Forkhead Transcription Factors
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Immunosuppressive Agents
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Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit