A hospital-based investigation was conducted to understand the epidemiologic profile of rotavirus diarrhea due to community-acquired and hospital-acquired infection among children >28 days of age, between November 2006 and January 2008 in Shanghai. Rotavirus infection was related to 37.2% of clinic visit and 48.1% of ward admission attributable to community-acquired noninvasive bacterial diarrhea among Shanghainese children. Rotavirus was responsible for 54.8% of nosocomial diarrhea. G3P[8] (56.8%) was the most prevalent, followed by G1P[8] (15.8%), G2P[4] (3.0%), and G9P[8] (2.3%).