Epoetin-beta treatment in patients with cancer chemotherapy-induced anaemia: the impact of initial haemoglobin and target haemoglobin levels on survival, tumour progression and thromboembolic events

Br J Cancer. 2009 Dec 15;101(12):1961-71. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605255. Epub 2009 Sep 29.

Abstract

Background: Epoetin-beta is used to treat patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy to alleviate the symptoms of anaemia, reduce the risk of blood transfusions and improve quality of life (QoL).

Methods: This meta-analysis of all 12 randomised, controlled studies of epoetin-beta evaluated the impact of therapy at different Hb-initiation levels and to different target Hb levels on overall survival, tumour progression and thromboembolic events (TEE). An analysis of risk factors pre-disposing patients to TEEs under epoetin-beta therapy was also performed. A total of 2297 patients are included in the analysis.

Results: Analyses based on various Hb-initiation levels indicate no detrimental impact on survival (HR 0.99; 95% CI 0.70, 1.40) and a favourable impact on disease progression (HR 0.73; 95% CI 0.57, 0.94) when epoetin-beta was used within its licensed indication (Hb initiation < or = 10 g dl(-1)) or the EORTC recommended level of 11 g dl(-1). An increased risk of TEEs is seen for all Hb-initiation level strata and a detrimental impact on survival is seen when initiating epoetin-beta therapy at Hb levels >11 g dl(-1). We observe no association between high target Hb levels (> or = 13 g dl(-1)) and an increased risk of mortality, disease progression or TEEs with epoetin-beta compared with control.

Conclusion: The results of this analysis indicate that epoetin-beta therapy has no detrimental impact on survival or tumour progression when initiated at Hb levels up to 11 g dl(-1). Furthermore, there is no evidence to suggest that high Hb values achieved during epoetin-beta therapy are associated with an increased mortality, disease progression or TEE rate.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anemia / drug therapy*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Disease Progression
  • Erythropoietin / therapeutic use*
  • Female
  • Hemoglobins / analysis*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasms / blood
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Neoplasms / mortality
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Risk Factors
  • Thromboembolism / etiology*

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Hemoglobins
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • epoetin beta
  • Erythropoietin