Cancer is the leading death cause in urban China and the second one in rural China. Lung cancer is the most common cancer, followed by stomach cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer. Cancer Control Programs in China focus on prevention, early diagnosis and treatment. The prevention program includes an anti-smoking campaign and immunization against hepatitis B for infants and children under the age of 15. Screening for breast and cervix cancers is among efforts for the early detection and treatment. Public education and the promotion of healthy lifestyles have been actively carried out.