Direct PCR amplification and sequencing of specimens' DNA from preservative ethanol

Biotechniques. 2010 Mar;48(3):233-4. doi: 10.2144/000113362.

Abstract

DNA extraction is the first step in many molecular biology protocols. However, we hypothesized that DNA from a preserved specimen can leak into its preservative medium, allowing the medium itself to be directly PCR-amplified. We successfully tested this idea on mescal-the alcoholic beverage famous for the "worm" (a caterpillar) that is placed in the bottle of many brands-and indeed obtained amplifiable quantities of caterpillar DNA. We then successfully amplified and sequenced DNA from the 95% ethanol preservative of 70 freshly collected specimens and 7 archival specimens 7-10 years old. These results suggest that DNA extraction is a superfluous step in many protocols and that preservative ethanol can be used as a source of genetic material for non-invasive sampling or when no tissue specimen is left for further DNA analyses.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alcoholic Beverages / analysis
  • Animals
  • Butterflies / genetics
  • DNA / analysis*
  • DNA / chemistry
  • DNA / genetics
  • DNA / isolation & purification
  • Ethanol / chemistry*
  • Plant Structures / genetics
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods*
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA / methods*
  • Specimen Handling / methods*

Substances

  • Ethanol
  • DNA