Fatal reactivation of HBV and HDV during a long-lasting interruption of HAART in a patient co-infected with HIV, HCV, HBV and HDV

Infez Med. 2010 Mar;18(1):43-7.

Abstract

Coinfection by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and hepatitis viruses is a frequent condition in drug addicts. In the present study we report on the case of a patient with a history of drug and alcohol abuse who was sequentially infected with HIV, HCV, HBV and HDV. He died of an overwhelming reactivation of HBV and HDV in spite of a recent interferon treatment. HBV and HDV resumed their active replication after over 20 years of complete latency, that is after long-lasting viral undetectability, when the patient deliberately discontinued his last HAART regimen. HBV and HDV reactivated in spite of a relatively preserved immune system and a recent immune stimulatory treatment with pegylated interferon.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Alcoholism / complications
  • Anti-HIV Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Fatal Outcome
  • HIV Infections / complications*
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy
  • HIV Protease Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • HIV Protease Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Hepatitis B virus / physiology*
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic / complications*
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / complications*
  • Hepatitis D / complications*
  • Hepatitis Delta Virus / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Immunocompromised Host
  • Kidney Diseases / complications
  • Liver Failure / etiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / complications
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Substance Abuse, Intravenous / complications
  • Virus Activation*

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • HIV Protease Inhibitors
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors