Splenectomy leads to a persistent hypercoagulable state after trauma

Am J Surg. 2010 May;199(5):646-51. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2010.01.015.

Abstract

Background: It was hypothesized that splenectomy following trauma results in hypercoagulability.

Methods: A prospective, nonrandomized, single-center study was performed to evaluate coagulation parameters in trauma patients with splenic injury.

Results: Patients with splenectomy (n = 30) and nonoperative management (n = 50) were enrolled. Splenectomy patients were older, had higher Injury Severity Scores, and had longer intensive care unit and hospital stays (P < .05). Splenectomy patients had significantly increased white blood cell counts and platelet counts at baseline and follow-up (P < .01). Fibrinogen was initially elevated in both groups and remained elevated in the splenectomy group (P < .05). Tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and activated partial thromboplastin time were higher in splenectomy patients only at baseline (P < .05). Baseline thromboelastography showed faster fibrin cross-linking and enhanced fibrinolysis following splenectomy (P < .05). Only clot strength was greater at follow-up in the splenectomy group (P < .01). Deep venous thrombosis developed in 7% of splenectomy patients and no control patients (P = .03).

Conclusions: A significant difference in deep venous thrombosis formation was noted, and coagulation assays indicated persistent hypercoagulability following splenectomy for trauma.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Blood Chemical Analysis
  • Blood Coagulation Disorders / epidemiology
  • Blood Coagulation Disorders / etiology
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Injury Severity Score
  • Male
  • Multiple Trauma / diagnosis
  • Multiple Trauma / mortality
  • Multiple Trauma / surgery*
  • Platelet Count
  • Probability
  • Prospective Studies
  • Prothrombin Time
  • Reference Values
  • Risk Assessment
  • Splenectomy / adverse effects*
  • Splenectomy / methods
  • Thrombophilia / epidemiology*
  • Thrombophilia / etiology
  • Thrombosis / epidemiology
  • Thrombosis / etiology*
  • Wounds and Injuries / diagnosis
  • Wounds and Injuries / surgery*