Cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies directed against pandemic H1N1 2009 virus are protective in a highly sensitive DBA/2 mouse influenza model

J Virol. 2010 Aug;84(15):7662-7. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02444-09. Epub 2010 May 19.

Abstract

Our ability to rapidly respond to an emerging influenza pandemic is hampered somewhat by the lack of a susceptible small-animal model. To develop a more sensitive model, we pathotyped 18 low-pathogenic non-mouse-adapted influenza A viruses of human and avian origin in DBA/2 and C57BL/6 mice. The majority of the isolates (13/18) induced severe morbidity and mortality in DBA/2 mice upon intranasal challenge with 1 million infectious doses. Also, at a 100-fold-lower dose, more than 50% of the viruses induced severe weight loss, and mice succumbed to the infection. In contrast, only two virus strains were pathogenic for C57BL/6 mice upon high-dose inoculation. Therefore, DBA/2 mice are a suitable model to validate influenza A virus vaccines and antiviral therapies without the need for extensive viral adaptation. Correspondingly, we used the DBA/2 model to assess the level of protection afforded by preexisting pandemic H1N1 2009 virus (H1N1pdm) cross-reactive human antibodies detected by a hemagglutination inhibition assay. Passive transfer of these antibodies prior to infection protected mice from H1N1pdm-induced pathogenicity, demonstrating the effectiveness of these cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies in vivo.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing / immunology*
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing / therapeutic use
  • Antibodies, Viral / immunology*
  • Antibodies, Viral / therapeutic use
  • Body Weight
  • Cross Protection*
  • Cross Reactions*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Female
  • Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests
  • Humans
  • Immunization, Passive
  • Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / immunology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Inbred DBA
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / mortality
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / pathology
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / prevention & control*
  • Survival Analysis

Substances

  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral