Drug Class Review: Cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 Inhibitors and Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Final Report Update 3 [Internet]

Roger Chou; Mark Helfand; Kim Peterson; Tracy Dana; Carol Roberts

Drug Class Review: Cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 Inhibitors and Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Final Report Update 3 [Internet]

Review

Portland (OR): Oregon Health & Science University; 2006 Nov.

Drug Class Reviews.

Authors

Roger Chou¹, Mark Helfand¹, Kim Peterson¹, Tracy Dana¹, Carol Roberts¹

Affiliation

¹ Oregon Evidence-based Practice Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Mark Helfand, Director

PMID: 20496448
Bookshelf ID: NBK10620

Excerpt

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce pain and inflammation by blocking cyclo-oxygenases (COX), enzymes that are needed to produce prostaglandins. Most NSAIDs block two different cyclo-oxygenases, called COX-1 and COX-2. COX-2, found in joint and muscle tissue, contributes to pain and inflammation. Many NSAIDs also block COX-1, which may contribute to development of ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding depending on the magnitude of blockade. More recently, some NSAIDs have also been associated with an increased risk of serious cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction. The purpose of this review is to compare the efficacy, effectiveness, and harms of NSAIDs.

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Review

Grants and funding

The funding source, the Center for Evidence-based Policy, is supported by 17 organizations, including 15 state Medicaid programs. These organizations selected the topic and had input into the Key Questions for this review. The content and conclusions of the review are entirely determined by the Evidence-based Practice Center researchers. The authors of this report have no financial interest in any company that makes or distributes the products reviewed in this report.