Successful treatment of Castleman's disease with interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (Anakinra)

Mol Cancer Ther. 2010 Jun;9(6):1485-8. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-10-0156. Epub 2010 May 25.

Abstract

Castleman's disease (CD) is a very rare lymphoproliferative disorder whose underlying pathophysiology is not fully understood and for which no standard treatment exists. Because interleukin-1 (IL-1) might promote the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), a key pathogenic factor for the disease, we hypothesized that blocking the interleukin-1 receptor would be a useful therapy for CD. We report the case of a 61-year-old woman with CD who had undergone multiple treatments, including cladribine, rituximab, steroids, etanercept, and anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibody, and whose disease was refractory to all of these treatments. She was started on the recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist, Anakinra, at a subcutaneous dose of 100 mg daily. Within one week, her fatigue and anorexia markedly improved, and her laboratory abnormalities, including anemia, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis, and elevated markers of inflammation, all resolved. Our observation suggests that Anakinra may be an attractive therapeutic approach for refractory multicentric CD.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Blood Cell Count
  • Castleman Disease / diagnostic imaging
  • Castleman Disease / drug therapy*
  • Female
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
  • Humans
  • Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / therapeutic use*
  • Middle Aged
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • Whole Body Imaging

Substances

  • Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18