The aim of this study is to compare the efficiency of Cefamandole and Ceftriaxone in short-term antibioprophylaxis after transurethral prostatectomy. Ceftriaxone reduces significatively postoperative febrile reactions, although no difference is seen between the 2 regimens: 27% in group Cefamandole versus 18% in group Ceftriaxone. Postoperative urinary tract infections do not depend neither on time resection nor on weight of resected tissues. Bladder catheter removal should be treated by short-term antibiotics in order to further reduce postoperative infections.