Inhibition of sclerostin by monoclonal antibody increases bone formation, bone mass, and bone strength in aged male rats

J Bone Miner Res. 2010 Dec;25(12):2647-56. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.182. Epub 2010 Jul 16.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of sclerostin inhibition by treatment with a sclerostin antibody (Scl-AbII) on bone formation, bone mass, and bone strength in an aged, gonad-intact male rat model. Sixteen-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected subcutaneously with vehicle or Scl-AbII at 5 or 25 mg/kg twice per week for 5 weeks (9-10/group). In vivo dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) analysis showed that there was a marked increase in areal bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebrae (L(1) to L(5) ) and long bones (femur and tibia) in both the 5 and 25 mg/kg Scl-AbII-treated groups compared with baseline or vehicle controls at 3 and 5 weeks after treatment. Ex vivo micro-computed tomographic (µCT) analysis demonstrated improved trabecular and cortical architecture at the fifth lumbar vertebral body (L(5) ), femoral diaphysis (FD), and femoral neck (FN) in both Scl-AbII dose groups compared with vehicle controls. The increased cortical and trabecular bone mass was associated with a significantly higher maximal load of L(5) , FD, and FN in the high-dose group. Bone-formation parameters (ie, mineralizing surface, mineral apposition rate, and bone-formation rate) at the proximal tibial metaphysis and tibial shaft were markedly greater on trabecular, periosteal, and endocortical surfaces in both Scl-AbII dose groups compared with controls. These results indicate that sclerostin inhibition by treatment with a sclerostin antibody increased bone formation, bone mass, and bone strength in aged male rats and, furthermore, suggest that pharmacologic inhibition of sclerostin may represent a promising anabolic therapy for low bone mass in aged men.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Absorptiometry, Photon
  • Aging / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / immunology*
  • Bone Density / physiology*
  • Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / metabolism
  • Bone and Bones / anatomy & histology*
  • Bone and Bones / cytology
  • Bone and Bones / diagnostic imaging
  • Bone and Bones / metabolism*
  • Collagen Type I / metabolism
  • Genetic Markers
  • Male
  • Organ Size
  • Osteocalcin / blood
  • Osteogenesis*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Serotonin / blood
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Bone Morphogenetic Proteins
  • Collagen Type I
  • Genetic Markers
  • Sost protein, rat
  • Osteocalcin
  • Serotonin