Sleep apnea in patients with oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer after surgery and chemoradiation therapy

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010 Aug;143(2):248-52. doi: 10.1016/j.otohns.2010.02.032.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the point prevalence of sleep apnea in patients following oral and oropharyngeal cancer treatment at a major tertiary care referral center.

Study design: A retrospective cross-sectional survey.

Subjects and methods: Twenty-four patients with established oral or oropharyngeal cancer were submitted to overnight polysomnography. The surgical group consisted of 15 patients (11 male, 4 female; average age 64.2 yrs) having undergone primary surgery with radial forearm free flap reconstruction. The remaining patients (5 male, 4 female; average age 54.8 yrs) were treated nonsurgically with chemoradiation therapy. The fatigue-related daytime sleepiness was measured with the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS).

Results: Eleven patients in the surgical group and three in the nonsurgical group had a respiratory disturbance index (RDI) greater than 15 (odds ratio = 5.5, P = 0.092). Twelve patients in the surgical group and five in the nonsurgical group had significant oxygen desaturation during sleep hours (odds ratio = 3.3, P = 0.356). There was no observed significant correlation between RDI and oxygen desaturation (r(2) = 0.28), nor was there any observed association between the RDI and ESS score (r(2) = 0.18).

Conclusion: This preliminary study has suggested that surgical patients in our cohort have a higher prevalence of moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea in the postoperative period, when tested, compared with a nonsurgical group. A small sample size and incomplete matching on important cofactors of interest, such as primary site location, body mass index, and thyroid function, limit this study. A pretreatment and post-treatment analysis is obviously required to demonstrate any significant level of association between treatment type and sleep apnea status.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mouth Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Mouth Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Mouth Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Polysomnography
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Sleep Apnea Syndromes / epidemiology
  • Sleep Apnea Syndromes / etiology*
  • Surgical Flaps