The novel techniques of enteroscopy provide stable access into difficult for accessing parts of the small intestine, guarantee high quality diagnostics and topmost the possibility for getting biopsy and to treat small bowel diseases. The paper discusses the benefits and possibilities of video capsule and balloon-assisted enteroscopy: the main directions of usage, indications and contraindications, methodological aspects of jejunoileo- and colonoileoscopy. We presented our own experience in video capsule endoscopy and single balloon enteroscopy (128 procedures in 92 patients) in diagnostics and treatment of small bowel diseases.