Traumatic lesions of the dentition are rarely reported, while skeletal trauma constitutes a significant portion of the paleopathology literature. The purpose of this paper is to show how meticulous analysis of traumatic dental lesions can provide insights into patterns of behavior in prehistory. Two cases of dental trauma from prehistoric Pakistan illustrate some crucial problems in diagnosing the etiology of traumatic lesions. Bio-behavioral insights derived from the analysis of dental trauma compliment inferences gleaned from more traditional approaches, including the study of dental attrition and dental morphology.