A case of lipoid pneumonia following occupational exposure to oil spray is described. Biological fluids (broncho-alveolar lavage and pleural fluid) are analyzed to determine if the compounds found in the industrial oils are present. The samples are purified using high-performance thin-layer chromatography, and after extraction, the compounds were submitted to infrared spectroscopy. Direct hexane extraction of biological fluids is also performed, followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).